IMIS

We ran (normally) 5 (or sometimes 3 if time limited us) transects down each shore, on which we recorded the numbers and/or percentage cover of macrofaunal species present in quadrats. We used a quadrat that was 1 m long by 0.5 m wide (divided into 10 squares to add estimation). Normally we scored five quadrats per transect, to cover the highshore (just above high spring tides, i.e., the Littorina zone) , upper shore (roughly high neap tide), midshore (midtide), lowshore (low neap tide) and bottom (low spring tides). We always worked at spring tides to ensure we could cover the whole shore. Species observed at location but outside the sampling quadrat were also recorded.