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Penguins of Antarctica
Citatie
Baker,A.J., Pereira,S.L., Haddrath,O.P. and Edge,K.A. Multiple gene evidence for expansion of extant penguins out of Antarctica due to global cooling. Proc. Biol. Sci. 273 (1582), 11-17 (2006) https://doi.org/10.15468/xxk28e
Contact:
Grant, Rachel Beschikbaarheid:
![]() Beschrijving
Classic problems in historical biogeography are where did penguins originate, and why are such mobile birds restricted to the Southern Hemisphere? Competing hypotheses posit they arose in tropical–warm temperate waters, species-diverse cool temperate regions, or in Gondwanaland <100
mya when it was further north. meer
To test these hypotheses we constructed a strongly supported phylogeny of extant penguins from 5851 bp of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. Using Bayesian inference of ancestral areas we show that an Antarctic origin of extant taxa is highly likely, and that more derived taxa occur in lower latitudes. Molecular dating estimated penguins originated about 71 million years ago in Gondwanaland when it was further south and cooler. Moreover, extant taxa are inferred to have originated in the Eocene, coincident with the extinction of the larger-bodied fossil taxa as global climate cooled. We hypothesize that, as Antarctica became ice-encrusted, modern penguins expanded via the circumpolar current to oceanic islands within the Antarctic Convergence, and later to the southern continents. Thus, global cooling has had a major impact on penguin evolution, as it has on vertebrates generally. Penguins only reached cooler tropical waters in the Galapagos about 4 mya, and have not crossed the equatorial thermal barrier. Scope Thema's: Biologie > Vogels Kernwoorden: Marien/Kust, Terrestrisch, Data, DNA, DNA barcodes, Marine Genomics, Penguins, Antarctica, Spheniscidae Bonaparte, 1831 Geografische spreiding Antarctica [Marine Regions] Spreiding in de tijd
2006 Onbekend Taxonomic coverage
Spheniscidae Bonaparte, 1831 [WoRMS]
Parameters
Moleculaire data Voorkomen van soorten Bijdrage door
Natural Environment Research Council; British Antarctic Survey (BAS), meer
Gerelateerde datasets
Publicatie
Gebaseerd op deze dataset
Baker, A.J. et al. (2006). Multiple gene evidence for expansion of extant penguins out of Antarctica due to global cooling. Proc. - Royal Soc., Biol. Sci. 273(1582): 11-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2005.3260, meer
Dataset status: Afgelopen
Data type: Data
Data oorsprong: Literatuurstudie
Metadatarecord aangemaakt: 2010-03-25
Informatie laatst gewijzigd: 2019-04-10
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