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The overlooked hybrid: geographic distribution and niche differentiation between Spartina cytotypes (Poaceae) in Wadden Sea salt marshes
Granse, D.; Romeiro Motta, M.; Suchrow, S.; von Schwartzenberg, K.; Schnittger, A.; Jensen, K. (2022). The overlooked hybrid: geographic distribution and niche differentiation between Spartina cytotypes (Poaceae) in Wadden Sea salt marshes. Est. Coast. 45(5): 1409-1421. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-021-00985-4
In: Estuaries and Coasts. Estuarine Research Federation: Port Republic, Md.. ISSN 1559-2723; e-ISSN 1559-2731, more
Peer reviewed article  
Available in  Authors 
Keywords
    Spartina Schreb. [WoRMS]
    Marine/Coastal
Authors  Top 
  • Granse, D.
  • Romeiro Motta, M.
  • Suchrow, S.
  • von Schwartzenberg, K.
  • Schnittger, A.
  • Jensen, K.
Abstract
    Whole genome duplications (WGDs) lead to polyploid specimens and are regarded as major drivers for speciation and diversification in plants. One prevalent problem when studying WGDs is that effects of polyploidization in ancient polyploids cannot be disentangled from the consequences of selective evolutionary forces. Cytotypic differences in distribution, phenotypic appearance and in response to surface elevation (determined by HOF-modeling) were identified in a relatively young taxa-group of a hexaploid F1-hybrid (Spartina× townsendii H. Groves & J. Groves, Poaceae) and its dodecaploid descendent (Spartina anglica C.E. Hubbard, Poaceae) using vegetation assessments (1029 plots; 1 × 1 m2) from the European Wadden Sea mainland salt marshes, including elevational and mean high tidal (MHT) data. While the F1-hybrid was mainly present in the eastern part of the Wadden Sea, its dodecaploid descendent occurred in the entire Wadden Sea area. The Spartina cytotypes differed in phenotypes (median of Spartina cover: hexaploid = 25% vs. dodecaploid = 12%) and in elevational niche-optimum (hexaploid = − 49.5 cm MHT vs. dodecaploid = 8.0 cm MHT). High ploidy levels correlated with establishment success in Spartina along geographic gradients but did not seem to increase the capacity to cope with abiotic severity downwards the elevational gradient in salt marshes.
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