Underwater sound propagation modeling methods for predicting marine animal exposuree
Hamm, C.A.; McCammon, D.F.; Taillefer, M.L. (2016). Underwater sound propagation modeling methods for predicting marine animal exposuree, in: Popper, A.N. et al. The effects of noise on aquatic life II. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 875: pp. 381-389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2981-8_45
In: Popper, A.N.; Hawkins, A. (Ed.) (2016). The effects of noise on aquatic life II. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 875. Springer Science+Business Media, Inc: New York. ISBN 978-1-4939-2980-1. xxx, 1292 pp., more
In: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer: Berlin. ISSN 0065-2598; e-ISSN 2214-8019, more
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| Keywords |
Exposure
Propagation
Sensitivity
Uncertainty
Marine/Coastal |
| Author keywords |
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| Authors | | Top |
- Hamm, C.A.
- McCammon, D.F.
- Taillefer, M.L.
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| Abstract |
The offshore exploration and production (E&P) industry requires comprehensive and accurate ocean acoustic models for determining the exposure of marine life to the high levels of sound used in seismic surveys and other E&P activities. This paper reviews the types of acoustic models most useful for predicting the propagation of undersea noise sources and describes current exposure models. The severe problems caused by model sensitivity to the uncertainty in the environment are highlighted to support the conclusion that it is vital that risk assessments include transmission loss estimates with statistical measures of confidence. |
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