Mode shift in the Indian Ocean climate under global warming stress
Nakamura, N.; Kayanne, H.; Ijima, H.; McClanahan, T. R.; Behera, S. K.; Yamagata, T. (2009). Mode shift in the Indian Ocean climate under global warming stress. Geophys. Res. Lett. 36: 5. https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009GL040590
In: Geophysical Research Letters. American Geophysical Union: Washington. ISSN 0094-8276; e-ISSN 1944-8007, more
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| Keywords |
Animal products > Coral
Global warming
ISW, Kenyan Coast [Marine Regions]
Marine/Coastal |
| Authors | | Top |
- Nakamura, N.
- Kayanne, H.
- Ijima, H.
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- McClanahan, T. R.
- Behera, S. K.
- Yamagata, T.
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| Abstract |
A 115-year coral record from Kenya has been found to preserve the history of rainfall anomalies in East Africa in relation to global warming-induced Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) variability. The coral IOD index demonstrates a dominantly decadal periodicity in the early part of the 20th century. This low-frequency IOD occurred more frequently before 1924 with mostly quasi-biennial ranging from 18 months to 3 years events since 1960. The mode shift has also coincided with an intensified coupling with Indian summer monsoon rainfall. We suggest that a warming of the western Indian Ocean, which has attenuated and replaced the El Niño/Southern Oscillation effect over the Indian Ocean, has driven the observed shift. |
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