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Statistical parsimony networks and species assemblages in cephalotrichid nemerteans (Nemertea)
Chen, H.; Strand, M.; Norenburg, J.L.; Sun, S.; Kajihara, H.; Chernyshev, A.V.; Maslakova, S.A.; Sundberg, P. (2010). Statistical parsimony networks and species assemblages in cephalotrichid nemerteans (Nemertea). PLoS One 5(9): e12885. https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0012885
In: PLoS One. Public Library of Science: San Francisco. ISSN 1932-6203; e-ISSN 1932-6203, more
Peer reviewed article  
Available in  Authors 
Keywords
    Cephalothrix major Coe, 1930 [WoRMS]; Cephalothrix rufifrons (Johnston, 1837) [WoRMS]; Cephalothrix simula (Iwata, 1952) [WoRMS]; Cephalothrix spiralis Coe, 1930 [WoRMS]; Nemertea [WoRMS]
    Marine/Coastal
Authors  Top 
  • Chen, H.
  • Strand, M.
  • Norenburg, J.L.
  • Sun, S.
  • Kajihara, H.
  • Chernyshev, A.V.
  • Maslakova, S.A.
  • Sundberg, P.
Abstract

    Background

    It has been suggested that statistical parsimony network analysis could be used to get an indication of species represented in a set of nucleotide data, and the approach has been used to discuss species boundaries in some taxa.

    Methodology/Principal Findings

    Based on 635 base pairs of the mitochondrial protein-coding gene cytochrome c oxidase I (COI), we analyzed 152 nemertean specimens using statistical parsimony network analysis with the connection probability set to 95%. The analysis revealed 15 distinct networks together with seven singletons. Statistical parsimony yielded three networks supporting the species status of Cephalothrix rufifrons, C. major and C. spiralis as they currently have been delineated by morphological characters and geographical location. Many other networks contained haplotypes from nearby geographical locations. Cladistic structure by maximum likelihood analysis overall supported the network analysis, but indicated a false positive result where subnetworks should have been connected into one network/species. This probably is caused by undersampling of the intraspecific haplotype diversity.

    Conclusions/Significance

    Statistical parsimony network analysis provides a rapid and useful tool for detecting possible undescribed/cryptic species among cephalotrichid nemerteans based on COI gene. It should be combined with phylogenetic analysis to get indications of false positive results, i.e., subnetworks that would have been connected with more extensive haplotype sampling.
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