A scenario of the 1883 Krakatau tsunami
In: Journal of volcanology and geothermal research. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV: Amsterdam. ISSN 0377-0273; e-ISSN 1872-6097, more
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| Abstract |
The 1883 Krakatau tsunami provides an important clue for solving the mechanisms of the eruption of Krakatau. First, sea waves of volcanic origin are basically classified. The travel times of the crest of the largest tsunami in the 1883 Krakatau eruption are recalculated taking the wave heights and the sea depths along the path into consideration. As a special case of sea waves, air waves coupled with those of the sea are examined and the necessary conditions of their generation are discussed: the sea depths must be around 5 km, the sea wave paths require long stretches of sea, and the magnitudes of volcanic explosions must be large to produce the air-sea waves. The information collected suggests that the tsunamis registered at Batavia (Jakarta) were not air sea-waves. Some results of the recent reflection survey of the subbottom materials and a supplemental gravity survey in the Krakatau area are introduced to provide further evidence for explosive mechanisms. |
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