Evolving marine health threats to humans
Conrad, K.; Cleland, R.; Reyes, N. (2021). Evolving marine health threats to humans, in: Conrad, K. (Ed.) From hurricanes to epidemics: The ocean's evolving impact on human health - perspectives from the U.S.. Global Perspectives on Health Geography, : pp. 81-94. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55012-7_7
In: Conrad, K. (Ed.) (2021). From hurricanes to epidemics: The ocean's evolving impact on human health - perspectives from the U.S. Global Perspectives on Health Geography. Springer Nature Switzerland AG: Cham. ISBN 978-3-030-55011-0; e-ISBN 978-3-030-55012-7. XXI, 180 pp. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55012-7, more
In: Global Perspectives on Health Geography. Springer Nature Switzerland AG: Cham. ISSN 2522-8005; e-ISSN 2522-8013, more
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| Authors | | Top |
- Conrad, K.
- Cleland, R.
- Reyes, N.
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| Abstract |
We have put unprecedented stress on the oceans. Temperatures are increasing due to climate change. Chemistries are changing due to the acidification of the water, and the nutrient load is increasing due to freshwater runoff from agricultural sources. Approximately 3 billion people or half of the world’s population live within 200 kilometers of a coastline. Being in such close proximity to our waters comes with the risk of the transmission of waterborne diseases and exposure to marine toxins. This includes bacteria, viruses, and exposure to harmful algal blooms. |
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