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Nutrient dynamics in a back barrier tidal basin of the Southern North Sea: Time-series, model simulations, and budget estimates
Grunwald, M.; Dellwig, O.; Kohlmeier, C.; Kowalski, N.; Beck, M.; Badewien, T.H.; Kotzur, S.; Liebezeit, G.; Brumsack, H.-J. (2010). Nutrient dynamics in a back barrier tidal basin of the Southern North Sea: Time-series, model simulations, and budget estimates. J. Sea Res. 64(3): 199-212. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2010.02.008
In: Journal of Sea Research. Elsevier/Netherlands Institute for Sea Research: Amsterdam; Den Burg. ISSN 1385-1101; e-ISSN 1873-1414, more
Peer reviewed article  
Available in  Authors 
Keywords
    ANE, Germany, German Bight
    ANE, North Sea
    ANE, Wadden Sea
    Budgets
    Chemical compounds > Silicon compounds > Silica
    Modelling
    Nutrients
    German Bight [Marine Regions]; North Sea [Marine Regions]; Wadden Sea [Marine Regions]
Author keywords
    Phosphate; Nitrite Plus Nitrate; NOX
Authors  Top 
  • Grunwald, M.
  • Dellwig, O.
  • Kohlmeier, C.
  • Kowalski, N.
  • Beck, M.
  • Badewien, T.H.
  • Kotzur, S.
  • Liebezeit, G.
  • Brumsack, H.-J.
Abstract
    In the tidal inlet of the back barrier area of Spiekeroog Island (Southern North Sea), nutrient concentrations (silica, phosphate, and nitrite plus nitrate) were determined hourly by an autonomously analysing system on a permanently installed time-series station from April 2006 to December 2008. Based on the high frequency of analyses we studied nutrient dynamics on annual, seasonal, and tidal time scales. By comparing the nutrient input to the tidal flat area via freshwater through a flood-gate and pore water discharge from tidal flat sediments, we conclude that nutrients are primarily supplied to the water column by pore water advection, while the freshwater contribution is negligible. To assess the annual nutrient contribution of our study area to the German Bight, we used a numerical Euler–Lagrangian model (EcoTiM) to calculate annual budgets of silica, phosphate, and nitrite plus nitrate. The model results indicate that the back barrier area of Spiekeroog Island exports inorganic silica (128 ⁎ 106 mol a−1), phosphate (3 ⁎ 106 mol a−1), and nitrite plus nitrate (29 ⁎ 106 mol a−1) to the North Sea. Extrapolation of these data to the entire Wadden Sea along the Southern North Sea reveals that the back barrier areas export silica and phosphate in the same order of magnitude and nitrite plus nitrate one order of magnitude lower than the combined rivers Elbe, Weser, and Ems.
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