Induction of rhabdomyosarcoma by embedded military-grade tungsten/nickel/cobalt not by tungsten/nickel/iron in the B6C3F1 mouse
Emond, C.A.; Vergara, V.B.; Lombardini, E.D.; Mog, S.R.; Kalinich, J.F. (2014). Induction of rhabdomyosarcoma by embedded military-grade tungsten/nickel/cobalt not by tungsten/nickel/iron in the B6C3F1 mouse. International Journal of Toxicology 34(1): 44-54. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091581814565038
In: International Journal of Toxicology. Taylor & Francis: Washington. ISSN 1091-5818; e-ISSN 1092-874X, more
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| Author keywords |
tungsten alloy, embedded fragment wound, rhabdomyosarcoma, mouse, cancer |
| Authors | | Top |
- Emond, C.A.
- Vergara, V.B.
- Lombardini, E.D.
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| Abstract |
Continued improvements in the ballistic properties of military munitions have led to metal formulations for which little are known about the long-term health effects. Previously we have shown that a military-grade tungsten alloy comprised of tungsten, nickel, and cobalt, when embedded into the leg muscle of F344 rats to simulate a fragment wound, induces highly aggressive metastatic rhabdomyosarcomas. An important follow-up when assessing a compound’s carcinogenic potential is to test it in a second rodent species. In this study, we assessed the health effects of embedded fragments of 2 military-grade tungsten alloys, tungsten/nickel/cobalt and tungsten/nickel/iron, in the B6C3F1 mouse. Implantation of tungsten/nickel/cobalt pellets into the quadriceps muscle resulted in the formation of a rhabdomyosarcoma around the pellet. Conversely, implantation of tungsten/nickel/iron did not result in tumor formation. Unlike what was seen in the rat model, the tumors induced by the tungsten/nickel/cobalt did not exhibit aggressive growth patterns and did not metastasize. |
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