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Identification of Saccostrea mordax and a New Species Saccostrea mordoides sp. nov. (Bivalvia: Ostreidae) from China
Cui, Z.; Hu, L.; Li, C.; Zhang, Z.; Guo, X.; Wang, H. (2021). Identification of Saccostrea mordax and a New Species Saccostrea mordoides sp. nov. (Bivalvia: Ostreidae) from China. J. Shellfish Res. 40(1): 63-75. https://dx.doi.org/10.2983/035.040.0107
In: Journal of Shellfish Research. National Shellfisheries Association: Duxbury. ISSN 0730-8000; e-ISSN 1943-6319, more
Peer reviewed article  
Available in  Authors 
Keywords
    Taxa > Species > New taxa > New species
    Ostreidae Rafinesque, 1815 [WoRMS]; Saccostrea scyphophilla (F. Péron & Lesueur, 1807) [WoRMS]; Saccostrea mordoides Z.-M. Cui, L.-S. Hu, C. Li, Z. Zhang, X.-M. Guo & H.-Y. Wang, 2021 [WoRMS]
    Marine/Coastal
Author keywords
    oyster taxonomy, molecular phylogeny, 16S ribosomal RNA, cytochrome oxidase I, Saccostrea mordax, Saccostrea mordoides, Ostreidae
Authors  Top 
  • Cui, Z.
  • Hu, L.
  • Li, C.
  • Zhang, Z.
  • Guo, X.
  • Wang, H.
Abstract
    The taxonomy of Saccostrea oysters is problematic because of their highly variable shells. Molecular studies have revealed diverse sequence lineages that do not correspond to valid species names including some Saccostrea mordax–like oysters. The S. mordax–like oysters (n = 202) were collected from southern China and classified into three lineages, A, B, and C, based on both shell morphology and mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA (16S) and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) sequences. Molecular and morphological analyses indicate lineages A and B are S. mordax, and lineage C is a new species Saccostrea mordoides sp. nov. The shell morphology of the new species is variable, as in other Saccostrea oysters, but distinctive in that shell height is similar to shell length with the right valve much smaller than the left valve and having undulate laminae. The average Kimura's two-parameter distance between S. mordoides sp. nov. and other Saccostrea oysters is 0.046–0.120 for 16S and 0.106–0.240 for COI, which are significantly higher than typical distances among closely related oyster species. This study shows that S. mordoides is a new species different from S. mordax, highlighting rich species diversity of Saccostrea oysters and the need for molecular taxonomy.
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