Greka i łacina w globalizacji terminów nauk przyrodniczych – polskie i francuskie nazwy rybi dziesięcionogów w rozporządzeniach UE
Sliwa, D. (2017). Greka i łacina w globalizacji terminów nauk przyrodniczych – polskie i francuskie nazwy rybi dziesięcionogów w rozporządzeniach UE, in: Walkiewicz, B. et al. (Ed.) Norma a uzus II - Przekład specjalistyczny w perspektywie globalizacji. pp. 51-64
In: Walkiewicz, B.; Kesicka, K. (Ed.) (2017). Norma a uzus II - Przekład specjalistyczny w perspektywie globalizacji. Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu: Pozna´n. ISBN 978-83232-3276-6. 168 pp., more
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| Author keywords |
ichthyology (fish science) terminology, scientific names, neologisms, word formation |
| Abstract |
The starting point for determining the role of Greek and Latin in modern terms of natural sciences were the difficulties in translation into Polish of EU regulations on fishing. The article presents a methodology of linguistic description of derivates and complex terms following the conception of the integral linguistic sign. Derivational models were assigned to the levels of zoological taxonomy. Correlations between hyperonymy and taxa were also identified, which highlighted the bipolar nature of hyperonymy relating to the various levels of taxonomy (order, family, species, etc.). The analysis of the formal scientific names indicates that they have been also created in national languages, according to the rules of those languages, such as calques or loan translations (kalki słowotwórcze) in Polish, borrowings in French, etc. Scientific names are not only neutral (vertebrates), but also emotionally loaded ((great) blue shark) or culturally enriched (e.g. John Dory or Peter fish). This knowledge may guide the translator when confronted with the necessity to coin a new name, which was illustrated with the examples of names of ‘shrimps’ and ’prawns’ taken from the EU regulation. |
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