The family Pholoidae is reviewed and revised, based on reexamination of type material and published records, as well as on examination of new material. Two of the numerous species of Pholoe Johnston, 1839, are redescribed; four additional species of Pholoe and Genus A of Wolf, 1984a, are referred to three new genera; and two new interstitial species from New Zealand are described in one of the genera. Pholoides Pruvot, 1895 (including Peisidice Johnson, 1897, Pareupholoe Hartmann- Schroder, 1962, and Parapholoe Hartmann-Schroder, 1965), includes three species (and three synonyms). The aberrant neotenic Metaxypsamma uebelackerae Wolf, 1986, is removed from the family Sigalionidae and added to the Pholoidae, based on its close relationship to Pholoe. Unusual types of reproduction are described in the small interstitial species. They have relatively few large eggs developing in the body and within the elytra (viviparity) or with eggs and juveniles brooded under the elytra.
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