Eleven species of Lumbrineris Blainville, 1828 have been identified from estuarine and offshore environments along the southern and southeastern coasts of Brazil: L. atlantica (Kinberg, 1865), new record, L. mainae new species, L. tetraura (Schmarda, 1861), L. curtolobata new species, L. januarii (Grube, 1878), L. inflata Moore, 1911, L. cruzensis Hartman, 1944, new record, L. coccinea (Renier, 1804 ), L. magalhaensis Kinberg, 1865, L . cingulata (Ehlers, 1897), and L. latreilli Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1834. An identification key, diagnoses, descriptions and illustrations are given for all recorded species.