Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2024). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Dinoflagellata. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=146203 on 2024-11-27
basis of recordGuiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2024). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online athttp://www.algaebase.org[details]
additional sourceKofoid, C.A.; Swezy, O. (1921). The free-living unarmored Dinoflagellata. <em>Memoirs of the University of California.</em> 5: i-viii, 1-562., available online athttps://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/20306447[details]
additional sourceMargulis, L.; Schwartz, K.V. (1998). Five Kingdoms: an illustrated guide to the Phyla of life on earth. 3rd edition. Freeman: New York, NY (USA). ISBN 0-7167-3027-8. xx, 520 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
Unreviewed
Diet Dinoflagellates exhibit wide variation in feeding habits. Approximately half of the living species are photosynthetic, but most of these also are heterotrophic to some extent, and some dinoflagellates with functional chloroplasts can switch entirely to heterotrophy in the absence of sufficient light. [details]
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Present 