original description
(of Modiola laevigata J. E. Gray, 1824) Gray, J. E. (1824). Shells. in: Parry W.E. (ed.) Supplement to Appendix, <i>Parry's Voyage for the Discovery of a north-west passage in the years 1819-1820, contaning an account of the subjects of Natural History</i>. London: John Murray Appendix 10, Zool.: 240-246. , available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33021735 [details]
original description
(of Modiola substriata Gray, 1824) Gray, J. E. (1824). Shells. in: Parry W.E. (ed.) Supplement to Appendix, <i>Parry's Voyage for the Discovery of a north-west passage in the years 1819-1820, contaning an account of the subjects of Natural History</i>. London: John Murray Appendix 10, Zool.: 240-246. , available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33021735 [details]
original description
(of Modiolaria faba Beck, 1838) Robert E. 1838. Zoologie et Medecine. <i>in:</i> Gaimard P. (ed.), Voyage en Islande et au Groënland pendant les années 1835 et 1836 sur la corvette La Recherche. vol. 7. Paris, Arthus Bertrand.
page(s): pl. 17 Mollusques, fig. 4 a-h [details]
original description
(of Modiolaria impressa Dall, 1907) Dall, W.H. (1907). Descriptions of new species of shells, chiefly Buccinidae, from the dredgings of the U.S.S. "Albatross" during 1906, in the northwestern Pacific, Bering, Okhotsk, and Japanese Seas. <em>Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections.</em> 50(2): 139-173., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/30049029
page(s): 172 [details]
original description
(of Modiolaria laevis Beck in Robert, 1838) Robert E. 1838. Zoologie et Medecine. <i>in:</i> Gaimard P. (ed.), Voyage en Islande et au Groënland pendant les années 1835 et 1836 sur la corvette La Recherche. vol. 7. Paris, Arthus Bertrand.
page(s): pl. 17 Mollusques, fig. 3 a-f [details]
original description
(of Musculus incurvatus Scarlato, 1960) Scarlato, O. A. (1960). Двустворчатые моллюски дальневосточных морей СССР (отряд Dysodonta). Dvustvorchathy molliuski Dal'nevostochnykh Morei SSSR (otriad Dysodonta). [Bivalved mollusks of the far-eastern seas of the USSR (order Dysodonta)]. <em>Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Zoologicheskii Institut, Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR.</em> 71: 150 p., 17 pls., available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/00206816509474201 [details] Available for editors 
[request]
original description
(of Musculus olivaceus Dall, 1916) Dall, W. H. (1916). Diagnoses of new species of marine bivalve mollusks from the northwest coast of America in the collection of the United States National Museum. <em>Proceedings of the United States National Museum.</em> 52 (2183): 393-417., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7765696
page(s): 405 [details]
original description
(of Mytilus discors Linnaeus, 1767) Linnaeus, C. (1767). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Ed. 12. 1., Regnum Animale. 1 & 2. [The system of nature through the three kingdoms of nature: according to classes, orders, genera, species, with characters, differences, synonyms, places. Ed. 12. 1., Animal Kingdom. 1 & 2]. <em>Holmiae [Stockholm], Laurentii Salvii.</em> pp. 1-532 [1766] pp. 533-1327 [1767]., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/83650#5 [details] 
original description
(of Mytilus discrepans Montagu, 1803) Montagu, G. (1803). Testacea Britannica or natural history of British shells, marine, land, and fresh-water, including the most minute: Systematically arranged and embellished with figures. J. White, London, Vol. 1, xxxvii + 291 pp;; Vol. 2, pp. 293–606, pl. 1-16., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/78694
page(s): 169 [details]
original description
(of Modiolaria discors var. angustior Jeffreys, 1864) Jeffreys, J. G. (1862-1869). <i>British conchology</i>. Vol. 1: pp. cxiv + 341 [1862]. Vol. 2: pp. 479 [1864]. Vol. 3: pp. 394 [1865]. Vol. 4: pp. 487 [1867]. Vol. 5: pp. 259 [1869]. London, van Voorst. , available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/55187
page(s): 126 [details]
original description
(of Modiolaria discors var. semilaevis Jeffreys, 1864) Jeffreys, J. G. (1862-1869). <i>British conchology</i>. Vol. 1: pp. cxiv + 341 [1862]. Vol. 2: pp. 479 [1864]. Vol. 3: pp. 394 [1865]. Vol. 4: pp. 487 [1867]. Vol. 5: pp. 259 [1869]. London, van Voorst. , available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/55187
page(s): 114 [details]
original description
(of Mytilus discors arcticus O. Fabricius, 1788) Fabricius, O. (1788). Ueens-Muslinger (<i>Mytilus discors</i>). <em>Nye Samling af det Kongelige Danske Videnskabers Selskabs Skrifter.</em> 3: 453-461., available online at http://books.google.com/books?id=4thOAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA453
page(s): p. 460. [details]
basis of record
Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca. in: Costello, M.J. et al. (eds), European Register of Marine Species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. <em>Patrimoines Naturels.</em> 50: 180-213., available online at http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/ocrd/254404.pdf [details]
additional source
Huber, M. (2010). <i>Compendium of bivalves. A full-color guide to 3,300 of the world's marine bivalves. A status on Bivalvia after 250 years of research</i>. Hackenheim: ConchBooks. 901 pp., 1 CD-ROM. (look up in IMIS) [details]
Unreviewed
Distribution Gulf of St. Lawrence (unspecified region), Saguenay Fjord, northern Gaspe waters, southern Gaspe waters (Baie des Chaleurs, Gaspe Bay to American, Orphan and Bradelle banks; eastern boundary: Eastern Bradelle Valley), Magdalen Islands (from Eastern Bradelle valley to the west, as far as Cape North, including the Cape Breton Channel), downstream part of middle St. Lawrence estuary, lower St. Lawrence estuary, lower North Shore; middle North Shore (from Sept- Iles to Cape Whittle, including the Mingan Islands); Cobscook Bay [details]
Distribution Circumboreal [details]
Habitat bathyal, infralittoral and circalittoral of the Gulf and estuary [details]
Reproduction separate sexes, usually not dimorphic in shell structure; fertilization occurs within the mantle cavity anf young hatch as pelagic larvae (generalized for group) [details]
Taxonomy There has been quite a lot of discussion about the systematics and nomenclature of M. discors, especially concerning the status of Mytilus discors Linnaeus, 1767 s.s., Modiola laevigata Gray, 1824, Modiola substriata Gray, 1824 and Modiolaria corrugata Stimpson, 1851. Sometimes, all these forms are considered as independant species. But frequently, one or more of these species can be seen as a variety or a subspecies, especially Musculus discors. Until now, there's no good solution for this problem. [details]
BIOTIC
Encyclopedia of Marine Life of Britain and Ireland
Marine Life Information Network - UK
To Barcode of Life (24 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (10 publications) (from synonym Musculus laevigatus (J. E. Gray, 1824))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (211 publications) (from synonym Modiolaria discors (Linnaeus, 1767))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (26 publications)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (5 publications) (from synonym Musculus olivaceus Dall, 1916)
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL) (from synonym Musculus laevigatus (J. E. Gray, 1824))
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL)
To Conchology (Musculus discors)
To Dyntaxa
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Musculus discors)
To GB Mollusca Types (Mytilus discrepans Montagu, 1803; Syntype(s); EXEMS Moll3939-3946) (from synonym Mytilus discrepans Montagu, 1803)
To GenBank (42 nucleotides; 16 proteins)
To Malacopics (Musculus discors (Linnaeus, 1767) Iceland, Höfuðborgarsvæðið, Kollafjördur, Gufunes...
To Malacopics (Musculus discors (Linnaeus, 1767) Japan, Hokkaidô, Monbetsu, at 3.6-9 m depth, coll...
To Malacopics (Musculus discors (Linnaeus, 1767) Norway, Sør-Trøndelag, Brekstad, Trondheimfjord, ...
To Marine Bivalves of the British Isles webpage at National Museum of Wales
To NMNH Extant Collection (Modiolaria impressa Syntype USNM 110467) (from synonym Modiolaria impressa Dall, 1907)
To PESI (from synonym Modiolaria laevis Beck in Robert, 1838)
To PESI (from synonym Musculus filatovae Scarlato, 1955)
To PESI (from synonym Modiola laevigata J. E. Gray, 1824)
To PESI (from synonym Modiola substriata Gray, 1824)
To PESI (from synonym Mytilus discors Linnaeus, 1767)
To PESI (from synonym Mytilus discrepans Montagu, 1803)
To PESI (from synonym Modiolaria discors (Linnaeus, 1767))
To PESI (from synonym Modiolaria discors var. angustior Jeffreys, 1864)
To PESI (from synonym Modiolaria discors var. semilaevis Jeffreys, 1864)
To PESI
To PESI (from synonym Musculus laevigatus (J. E. Gray, 1824))
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Mollusca Collection (from synonym Musculus laevigatus (J. E. Gray, 1824))
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Mollusca Collection
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Mollusca Collection (from synonym Modiolaria impressa Dall, 1907)
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Mollusca Collection (from synonym Musculus olivaceus Dall, 1916)
To ITIS
From editor or global species database
Unreviewed
The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
Present 
.jpg "To Malacopics (Musculus discors (Linnaeus, 1767) Iceland, Höfuðborgarsvæðið, Kollafjördur, Gufunes...")
.jpg "To Malacopics (Musculus discors (Linnaeus, 1767) Japan, Hokkaidô, Monbetsu, at 3.6-9 m depth, coll...")
 laevigatus.jpg "To Malacopics (Musculus discors (Linnaeus, 1767) Norway, Sør-Trøndelag, Brekstad, Trondheimfjord, ...")
