original description
Quatrefages, Armand de. (1847). Etudes sur les types inférieurs de l'embranchement des Annelés. Mémoire sur l'Echiure de Gaertner (Echiurus gaertnerii Nob.). <em>Annales des sciences naturelles, Paris, 3rd Series, Zoologie.</em> 7: 307-343, plate 6., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13406375
page(s): 340.; note: first use of Echiurus within a family name form evidently derived from it and resembling Echiuridae [details] 
original description
(of Echiurinae Quatrefages, 1847) Quatrefages, Armand de. (1847). Etudes sur les types inférieurs de l'embranchement des Annelés. Mémoire sur l'Echiure de Gaertner (Echiurus gaertnerii Nob.). <em>Annales des sciences naturelles, Paris, 3rd Series, Zoologie.</em> 7: 307-343, plate 6., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13406375
page(s): 340. [details]
taxonomy source
Biseswar, Ramlall. (2019). The echiuran fauna of southern Africa (Class: Echiura, Phylum: Annelida). <em>African Zoology.</em> 54(2): 73–90., available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2019.1600429
note: all taxa reported from southern Africa are in Echiuridae [details] Available for editors 
[request]
additional source
Hayward, P.J. & J.S. Ryland (Eds.). (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. <em>Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK.</em> 627 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source
van der Land, J. (2001). Echiura, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 178 (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source
Fisher, W. K. (1946). Echiuroid worms of the North Pacific Ocean. <em>Proceedings of the United States National Museum.</em> 96: 215–292, plates 20–37., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7311441 [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Authority According to Nishikawa (1998), "from context, then, Echiurus [ as used in Quatrefages (1847)] can be recognized as the base of the family name and so the latter is available from this publication (ICZN Art. 11 f(i, 1)). The stem of Echiurus is "Echiur-", so the original incorrect spelling of "Echiurea'' should be corrected to Echiuridae, though still attributed to Quatrefages 1847 (ICZN Art. 33b(ii)), not to Baird (1868), who first spelled it that way."
Blainville is another candidate author, and the one supported in Stephen & Edmonds (1972) monograph. However, Nishikawa (1998) states that when "Blainville (1828) first used the name of " Fam. VI. Les Echiurides, Echiuridea", he referred only to two genera as its members, " THALASSEME: Thalassema, Gaertner" and " STERNAPSE: Sternapsis, Otto". In his description of this family, the former genus contained " Esp. [=The species] La THALASSEME ECHIURE: T. echiurus; Lumbricus echiurus .. . " , but no further references were made to the [genus] word " echiurus" nor to its derivatives, even for a collective group. Therefore, Blainville's "Echiuridea" should be regarded as an unavailable family name, not because of its wrong ending, but because of the lack of typification. “ [details]
The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License