WoRMS taxon details
original description
Webster, Harrison Edwin. (1879). The Annelida Chaetopoda of the Virginian coast. <em>Transactions of the Albany Institute.</em> 9: 202-269, plates I-XI., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43082522
page(s): 255 [details]
original description
(of Blakeia Langeneck, Barbieri, Maltagliati & Castelli, 2019) Langeneck, Joachim; Barbieri, Michele; Maltagliati, Ferruccio; Castelli, Alberto. (2019). Molecular phylogeny of Paraonidae (Annelida). <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.</em> 136: 1-13., available online at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790318305104
page(s): 8 of 13; note: Blakeia is a junior homonym [details] Available for editors  [request]
taxonomy source
Erdoğan-Dereli, Deniz; ÇInar, Melih Ertan. (2020). The diversity of the genus Aricidea (Polychaeta: Paraonidae) from the Sea of Marmara, with descriptions of two new species and two new records for the Mediterranean fauna. <em>Zootaxa.</em> 4844(1): 1-73., available online at https://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4844.1.1 [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source
Glasby, Christopher J.; Read, Geoffrey B.; Lee, Kenneth E.; Blakemore, R.J.; Fraser, P.M.; Pinder, A.M.; Erséus, C.; Moser, W.E.; Burreson, E.M.; Govedich, F.R.; Davies, R.W.; Dawson, E.W. (2009). Phylum Annelida: bristleworms, earthworms, leeches. <em>[Book chapter].</em> Chapt 17, pp. 312-358. in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch. [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source
Fauchald, K. (1977). The polychaete worms, definitions and keys to the orders, families and genera. <em>Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County: Los Angeles, CA (USA), Science Series.</em> 28:1-188., available online at http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/123110.pdf [details]
additional source
Bellan, G. (2001). Polychaeta, <i>in</i>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. <em>Collection Patrimoines Naturels.</em> 50: 214-231. (look up in IMIS)
note: listing only [details]
additional source
Brunel, P., L. Bosse & G. Lamarche. (1998). Catalogue of the marine invertebrates of the estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence. <em>Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 126.</em> 405 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors [request]
source of synonymy
Langeneck, Joachim; Barbieri, Michele; Maltagliati, Ferruccio; Castelli, Alberto. (2019). Molecular phylogeny of Paraonidae (Annelida). <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.</em> 136: 1-13., available online at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790318305104
page(s): 79; note: molecular data suggests Aricidea is a synonym of Paraonis [details] Available for editors [request]
status source
Strelzov, V.E. (1973). МНОГОЩЕТИНКОВЫЕ ЧЕРВИ семейства Paraonidae Cerruti, 1909 [Polychaete worms of the family Paraonidae Cerruti, 1909 (Polychaeta, Sedentaria)]. Akademia Nauk. Moscow. 1-170., available online at http://herba.msu.ru/shipunov/school/books/streltsov1973_paraonidae.pdf
page(s): 54 [details] Available for editors [request]
 Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Diagnosis Original diagnosis by Webster (1879: 255): ''One antenna. Feet biramous. Dorsal rami with cirri; ventral rami with cirri on anterior segments only. Branchiaeon anterior segments only. Setae all simple, capillary. First segment with setae, no tentacular cirri.'' [details]
Editor's comment Aricidea in common with Cirrophorus (presence of lyrate notochaetae) have a median antenna. The Aricidea subgenera as presented in Strelzov's 1979 work require observation of so-called 'modified' chaetae, which in practice is difficult. One subgenus (Aedicira) requires these chaetae to be absent. Strelzov's subgenera appear to be confused and unworkable in practice, although a number of authors have continued with them and Fauchald (1977) raised them to genera. To support the suggestion they are unreliable Langeneck et al. 2019 found that for the species they included "none of the subgenera traditionally recognised within Aricidea were monophyletic." Strelzov presents a key but there the separation of genera is vague and inconsistent. Strelzov knew what he meant, but his presentation as translated is insufficient. It is probably not going to be useful to attempt to use the subgenera in practice. Fauchald's (1977) key is slightly different but no better. Here are Strelzov's and Fauchald's separations (text adapted). Two original subgenera of Strelzov were homonyms and have been replaced with new names [G Read, Feb 2025]
Aricidea subgenera: sensu Strelzov 1979 translation key:
subgenus Aricidea (nominal subgenus): pseudocompound or hooked chaetae present noto- and neurochaetal, in some with subterminal spine on concave side of stem
subgenus Aedicira: no ‘modified’ neurochaetal chaetae present. Instead capillary setae in dense fascicles
subgenus Strelzovia (was Allia): post branchial ‘modified’ neurochaeta markedly thicker than dorsal setae, and not dense
subgenus Acmira (was Acesta): ‘modified’ chaetae considerably thicker than capillary setae, with/without subterminal spine.
Aricidea-derived genera: sensu Fauchald (1977) pink book key:
Aricidea: ‘modified’ pseudocompound or hooked chaetae present, with subterminal spine on concave side of stem
Aedicira: no ‘modified’ neurochaetal chaetae present.
Strelzovia (was Allia): ‘modified’ neurochaeta somewhat thicker than dorsal setae and with long thin tip
Acmira (was Acesta): ‘modified’ chaetae curved or bifid, with thin tip or ‘bearded’.
[details]
Synonymy In a surprising result, a molecular analysis of Langeneck et al (2019) placed Aricidea fragilis Webster, 1879, the type species of Aricidea, as a sister taxon of Paraonis fulgens (Levinsen, 1884), the type species of Paraonis (Note that the type species of Paraonis is 'unnatural' as the ICZN intervened to set it as Aonides fulgens). The taxa sampled included 22 Aricidea species and one Paraonis, altogether 66 individuals belonging to 38 nominal species. Langeneck et al. write that "Despite the striking morphological divergence, Paraonis is nested within Aricidea, of which it can be considered a derived group," and "Since Paraonis Grube, 1873 has priority over Aricidea Webster, 1879, these two genera should be considered synonymous, and Aricidea species should be moved to Paraonis."
However, WoRMS will not yet accept this result as only one Paraonis species was included in the analysis, and there are clearly some likely misidentifications in the data (three different placements of Aricidea catherinae for example), and the specimens identified as Aricidea fragilis were from the Mediterranean, not the type locality area of Virginia, USA. Depositions and locations of specimen vouchers for checking identification are not mentioned in the GenBank records. The suggested taxonomic changes are presented in text flow, and there is no formal taxonomic section. Nevertheless, this is a most interesting analysis [G. Read, April 2019]. Recently the review of Grosse et al (2021) appears to have similarly agreed the generic relationships need further analysis. [details]
description Median antenna present; modified setae either pseudocomposite or recurved with a subterminal arista arising from the concave side of the shaft. [details]
From editor or global species database
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