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Porifera taxon details

Dysidea fragilis (Montagu, 1814)

Dysidea fragilis (Montagu, 1818)
Dysidea fragilis (Montagu, 1818)

132324  (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:132324)

  1. Biota
  2. Animalia (Kingdom)
  3. Porifera (Phylum)
  4. Demospongiae (Class)
  5. Keratosa (Subclass)
  6. Dictyoceratida (Order)
  7. Dysideidae (Family)
  8. Dysidea (Genus)
  9. Dysidea fragilis (Species)
accepted
Species
Duseideia fragilis (Montagu, 1814) · unaccepted (genus transfer)
Dysidea coriacea Bowerbank, 1874 · unaccepted (junior synonym)
Spongelia fragilis (Montagu, 1814) · unaccepted (genus transfer)
Spongelia fragilis var. irregularis Lendenfeld, 1889 · unaccepted (genus transfer and junior synonym)
Spongelia pallescens fragilis (Montagu, 1814) · unaccepted (genus transfer)
Spongia fragilis Montagu, 1814 · unaccepted (genus transfer)

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marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
recent only
(of Spongia fragilis Montagu, 1814) Montagu, G. (1814 [1818]). An Essay on Sponges, with Descriptions of all the Species that have been discovered on the Coast of Great Britain. <em>Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society.</em> 2(1): 67-122, pls III-XVI., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/45847761
page(s): 114 [details] OpenAccess publication
Type locality contained in Celtic Seas  
type locality contained in Celtic Seas [from synonym] [view taxon] [details]
Distribution This species has been widely reported, but appears to be restricted to the Atlantic coasts of Europe, with some possible...  
Distribution This species has been widely reported, but appears to be restricted to the Atlantic coasts of Europe, with some possible sightings in the Western Mediterranean. [details]
de Voogd, N.J.; Alvarez, B.; Boury-Esnault, N.; Cárdenas, P.; Díaz, M.-C.; Dohrmann, M.; Downey, R.; Goodwin, C.; Hajdu, E.; Hooper, J.N.A.; Kelly, M.; Klautau, M.; Lim, S.C.; Manconi, R.; Morrow, C.; Pinheiro, U.; Pisera, A.B.; Ríos, P.; Rützler, K.; Schönberg, C.; Turner, T.; Vacelet, J.; van Soest, R.W.M.; Xavier, J. (2024). World Porifera Database. Dysidea fragilis (Montagu, 1814). Accessed at: https://marinespecies.org/porifera/porifera.php?p=taxdetails&id=132324 on 2024-12-27
Date
action
by
2004-12-21 15:54:05Z
created
van Soest, Rob W.M.
2006-12-21 19:17:33Z
changed
van Soest, Rob W.M.
2014-02-16 18:30:10Z
changed
van Soest, Rob W.M.

original description (of Spongelia fragilis var. irregularis Lendenfeld, 1889) Lendenfeld, R. von. (1889). A Monograph of the Horny Sponges. (Trübner and Co.: London). iii-iv, 1-936, pls 1-50., available online at https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=chi.20735531;view=1up;seq=1
page(s): 662-663 [details] 

original description (of Spongia fragilis Montagu, 1814) Montagu, G. (1814 [1818]). An Essay on Sponges, with Descriptions of all the Species that have been discovered on the Coast of Great Britain. <em>Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society.</em> 2(1): 67-122, pls III-XVI., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/45847761
page(s): 114 [details] OpenAccess publication

original description (of Dysidea coriacea Bowerbank, 1874) Bowerbank, J.S. (1874). A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Volume 3. (Ray Society: London): i-xvii, 1-367, pls I-XCII., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1871265
page(s): 332, Pl. XCI 20; 341-342; note: illustration of the type specimen [details] OpenAccess publication

original description (of Spongelia fistularis Schmidt, 1864) Schmidt, O. (1864). Supplement der Spongien des adriatischen Meeres. <em>Enthaltend die Histologie und systematische Ergänzungen. (Wilhelm Engelmann: Leipzig).</em> i-vi: 1-48, pls 1-4.
page(s): 28; pl II 28-29 & pl III fig 4 [details] OpenAccess publication

context source (Bermuda) Laubenfels, M.W. de. (1950). The Porifera of the Bermuda archipelago. <em>Transactions of the Zoological Society of London.</em> 27(1): 1-154. [details] OpenAccess publication

basis of record Cook, S. de C.; Bergquist, P.R. (2002 [2004]). Family Dysideidae Gray, 1867. Pp. 1061-1066. <i>In</i>: Hooper, J.N.A. & Van Soest, R.W.M. (eds) <i>Systema Porifera - A guide to the classification of sponges</i>. (2volumes) Kluwer Academic/ Plenum Publishers: New York, 1708 +xvliii. ISBN 978-1-4615-0747-5 (eBook electronic version). [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

basis of record Cook, S. de C.; Bergquist, P.R. (2002). Family Dysideidae Gray, 1867. Pp. 1061-1066. <i>In</i>: Hooper, J.N.A. & Van Soest, R.W.M. (eds) <i>Systema Porifera - A guide to the classification of sponges</i>. (2volumes) Kluwer Academic/ Plenum Publishers: New York, 1708 +xvliii. ISBN 0-306-47260-0 (printed version). [details] Full text PDF

additional source Corriero, G. (1989). The sponge fauna from the Stagnone di Marsala (Sicily): taxonomic and ecological observations. <em>Bolletino Museo Istituto Biologia Università Genova.</em> 53: 101-113.
page(s): 103 [details] 

additional source Muller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. <em>Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France.</em> 307 pp., available online at http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/145561.pdf [details] 

additional source Thomas, P.A. (1981). A second collection of marine Demospongiae from Mahe Island in the Seychelles Bank (Indian Ocean). <em>Annales du Musée royal de l'Afrique centrale, Tervuren. Sciences zoologiques.</em> 233: 1-63.
page(s): 12-13; note: Misapplication [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Ben Mustapha, K; Zarrouk, S.; Souissi, A.; El Abed, A. (2003). Diversité des Démosponges Tunisiennes. <em>Bulletin Institut national des Sciences et Technologies de la mer de Salammbô.</em> 30, 55-78.
page(s): 76 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Carballo, J.L.; Garcia-Gómez, J.C. (1994). Esponjas del Estrecho de Gibraltar y áreas próximas, con nuevas aportaciones para la fauna Iberica [Porifera from the Straits of Gibraltar and nearby areas, new species of the Iberian fauna]. <em>Cahiers de Biologie Marine.</em> 35(2): 193-211. (look up in IMIS)
page(s): 196 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Lombas, I. (1982). Distribución, de esponjas esciafilas en la zona intermareal de Aramar (Luanco, Asturias). <em>Boletim de Ciencias Naturales IDEA.</em> 29: 37-50.
page(s): 46 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Higgin, T. (1886). Report on the Porifera of th L.M.B.C. District. <em>Liverpool Marine Biology Committee Report.</em> 72-94.
page(s): 76 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Sarà, M. (1958). Contributo all consoscenza dei Poriferi del Mar Ligure. <em>Annali di Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Genova.</em> 70(1): 207-244.
page(s): 241 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Thomas, P.A. (1979). Studies on sponges of the Mozambique channel. I. Sponges of the Inhaca Island. II. Sponges of Mambone and Paradise Islands. <em>Annales du Musée royal de l'Afrique centrale, Tervuren. Sciences zoologiques.</em> 227: 1-73, pls I-III.
page(s): 19; note: Misapplication [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Burton, M. (1936). The fishery ground near Alexandria. IX. Sponges. <em>Notes and Memoirs of the Fisheries Research Directorate, Cairo.</em> 17: 1-28.
page(s): 26 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Laubenfels, M.W. de. (1951). A collection of sponges from the Black Sea. <em>Archiv für Hydrobiologie.</em> 45: 213-216.
page(s): 213 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Zintzen, V. (2007). Biodiversity of shipwrecks from the Southern Bight of the North Sea. PhD Thesis. Institut Royal des Sciences Naturellles de Belgique/Université Catholique de Louvain: Louvain-la-Neuve. 343 pp. (look up in IMIS)
page(s): 128 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Kelly, M.; Edwards, A.R.; Wilkinson, M.R.; Alvarez, B.; Cook, S. de C.; Bergquist, P.R.; Buckeridge, St J.; Campbell, H.J.; Reiswig, H.M.; Valentine, C.; Vacelet, J. (2009). Phylum Porifera: sponges. <em>in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia.</em> pp. 23-46. [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Thomas, P.A. (1976). Marine Demospongiae of Zanzibar Island. <em>Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India.</em> 18(3): 448-460.
page(s): 450; note: Misapplication [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Thomas, P.A. (1985 [1979]). Demospongiae of Minicoy Island (Indian Ocean) Part 1 - Orders Keratosa and Haplosclerida. <em>Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India.</em> 21 (1-2): 10-16.
page(s): 14; note: Misapplication [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Labate, M.; Arena, P. (1964). La fauna dei Poriferi nei laghi di Ganzirri e Faro (Messina). <em>Archivo Zoologico Italiano.</em> 49: 249-280.
page(s): 275 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Ferrer Hernández, F. (1914). Esponjas del Cantábrico. <em>Trabajos del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Zoológica).</em> 14: 1-36.
page(s): 24-25 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Rützler, K.; van Soest, R.W.M.; Piantoni, C. (2009). Sponges (Porifera) of the Gulf of Mexico. <i>in</i>: Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A & M Press, College Station, Texas. 285–313.
note: Misapplication [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Pansini, M. (1987). Report on a collection of Demospongiae from soft bottoms of the Eastern Adriatic Sea. <i>In</i>: Jones WC (ed) European contributions to the taxonomy of sponges. <em>Publications of the Sherkin Island Marine Station.</em> 1, 41-53.
page(s): 51 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Boury-Esnault, N.; Harmelin, J.-G.; Ledoyer, M.; Saldanha, L.; Zibrowius, H. (2001 [2005]). Peuplement benthique des grottes sous-marines de Sagres (Portugal, Atlantique nord-oriental). <i>In</i>: Biscoito, M., A.J. Almeida & P. Ré (Eds). A Tribute to Luiz Saldanha. <em>Boletim do Museu Municipal do Funchal.</em> Sup. 6: 15-38.
page(s): 20-21 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Cruz, T. (2002). Esponjas marinas de Canarias. <em>Consejería de Política Territorial y Medio Ambiente del Gobierno de Canarias.</em> S/C Tenerife. 260 pp. [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Stone, S.M.: Boardley. E.; Gill, M. (1987). Field characteristics of some conspicuous sublittoral sponges from Roaringwater Bay, County Cork, Ireland. <i>In</i>: Jones WC (ed) European contributions to the taxonomy of sponges. <em>Publications of the Sherkin Island Marine Station.</em> 1: 130-140. [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Lopes, M.T.; Boury-Esnault, N. (1981). Contribution à la connaissance des éponges cornées de la côte de l'Arrábida et de l'Algarve. <em>Arquivos do Museu Bocage.</em> 1(6): 95-110.
page(s): 98 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Thomas, P.A. (1982). Sponges of Papua And New Guinea. I. Order Keratosida Grant. <em>Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India.</em> 24(1): 15-22.
page(s): 19; note: Misapplication [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS)
note: Misapplication [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Muricy, G.; Lopes, D.A.; Hajdu, E; Carvalho, M.S.; Moraes, F.C.; Klautau, M.; Menegola, C.; Pinheiro, U. (2011). Catalogue of Brazilian Porifera. <em>Museu Nacional, Série Livros.</em> 300 pp. [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Benito, J. (1981). Algunas esponjas del litoral levantino español. <em>Boletín del Instituto Español de Oceanografia.</em> 6, 89-102.
page(s): 97 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Labate, M. (1964). Poriferi di grotta superficiale del litorale adriatico pugliese. <em>Annali del Pontificio Istituto Scienze e Lettere S. Chiara, Napoli.</em> 14, 319-342.
page(s): 339 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Voultsiadou-Koukoura, E.; Koukouras, A. (1993). Contribution to the knowledge of Keratose sponges (Dictyoceratida, Dendroceratida, Verongida: Demospongiae, Porifera) of the Aegean Sea. <em>Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin.</em> 69, 57-72.
page(s): 64 [details] 

additional source Vacelet, J. (1976). Inventaire des Spongiaires du Parc national de Port-Cros (Var). <em>Travaux scientifiques du Parc national de Port-Cros.</em> 2, 167-186.
page(s): 184 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Kefalas, E.; Castritsi-Catharios, I; Miliou, H. (2003). The impacts of scallop dredging on sponge assemblages in the Gulf of Kalloni (Aegean Sea, northeastern Mediterranean). <em>ICES Journal of Marine Science.</em> 60, 402-10.
page(s): 406 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Evcen, A.; Çinar, M.E. (2012). Sponge (Porifera) species from the Mediterranean coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with a checklist of sponges from the coasts of Turkey. <em>Turkish Journal of Zoology,.</em> 36, 460-464.
page(s): 463 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Corriero, G.; Scalera-Liaci, L.; Gristina, M.; Riggio, S.; Mercurio, M. (1997). Composizione tassonomica e distribuzione della fauna e Poriferi e Briozoi in una grotta semisommersa della riserva naturale marina "Isola di Ustica". <em>Biologia Marina Mediterranea.</em> 4 (1), 34-43.
page(s): 37 [details] 

additional source Gerovasileiou, V.; Voultsiadou, E. (2012). Marine Caves of the Mediterranean Sea: A Sponge Biodiversity Reservoir within a Biodiversity Hotspot. <em>PLoS ONE.</em> 7(7): e39873., available online at https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039873
page(s): Table S1 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Scalera-Liaci, L.; Sciscioli, M.; Fiordiponti, F. (1976). Distribuzione dei Poriferi del mar Piccolo di Taronto. <em>Oebalia.</em> 2, 3-19.
page(s): 18 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Gerovasileiou, V.; Voultsiadou, E. (2016). Sponge diversity gradients in marine caves of the eastern Mediterranean. <i>In</i>: Schönberg C.H.L., Fromont J., Hooper J.N.A., Sorokin S., Zhang W. & de Voogd N (eds) New Frontiers in Sponge Science. <em>Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom.</em> 96: 407-416., available online at https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315415000697
page(s): 4 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Solórzano, M.R. (1990). Poríferos del litoral gallego: estudio faunístico, distribución e inventario. <em>Phd Thesis Unversidad de Santiago de Compostela.</em> 1036 pp.
page(s): 1028-1033; Lám. 135 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Girard-Descatoire, A.; Castric-Fey, A.; L'Hardy-Halos, M.T. (1995). Inventaire de la Faune et de la Flore sur les fonds rocheux autour de l'île d'Ouessant. Rapport ADMS, Direction Régionale de l'Environnement Bretagne, Conseil Régional de Bretagne, Conseil Général du Finistère, Fonds Européens, Rennes., 148pp. Convention ZNIEFF 94.
page(s): Annexe 1, 8 [details] 

additional source Castric-Fey, A. (1996). Richesse et biodiversité en mer mégatidale: communautés sublittorales rocheuses de la région de Trébeurden-Ploumanac'h (Nord Bretagne France). <em>Cahiers de Biologie marine.</em> 37, 7-31.
page(s): 22 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Sitjà, C.; Maldonado, M.; Farias, C.; Rueda, J.L. (2019). Deep-water sponge fauna from the mud volcanoes of the Gulf of Cadiz (North Atlantic, Spain). <em>Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom.</em> 99 (4): 807 - 831., available online at https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315418000589
page(s): SUP. MAT. Appendix 1 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Gomoiu, M.T. (1963). Towards the study of sponges of the western part of the Black Sea. <em>Revue de Biologie , Académie de la République Populaire Roumanie.</em> 8 (3): 345-355 (in Russian).
page(s): 350 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Costa, G.; Betti, F.; Nepote, E.; Cattaneo-Vietti, R.; Pansini, M.; Bavestrello, G.; Bertolino, M. (2018). Sponge community variations within two semi-submerged caves of the Ligurian Sea (Mediterranean Sea) over a half-century time span. <em>The European Zoological Journal.</em> 85 (1): 382-392., available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/24750263.2018.1525439
page(s): 387 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Naveiro Millán, A. (2002). Poríferos de la costa da Arrábida (Portugal). Clase Demospongiae. <em>Tesina Unversidad de Santiago de Compostela.</em> 165 pp.
page(s): 129-130 Figura 60 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source De la Cruz, V.; González-González, M. (2016). Nuevos registros de esponjas para el sistema arrecifal Lobos-Tuxpan, con ampliaciones de ámbito de distribución para el Golfo de México. <em>Boletim de Instituto Oceangrafico de Venezuela.</em> 55 (2): 51-59.
page(s): 54; note: Misapplication [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Longo, C.; Cardone, F.; Pierri, C.; Mercurio, M.; Mucciolo, S.; Marzano, C.N.; Corriero, G. (2018). Sponges associated with coralligenous formations along the Apulian coasts. <em>Marine Biodiversity.</em> 48(4): 2151-2163., available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0744-x
page(s): 2157 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Hussein, K.B.; Talet, L.B. (2019). A preliminary inventory of biodiversity and benthic habitats of “Plane” Island (Paloma) in Oran Bay, north western Algeria, (western Mediterranean). <em>Journal of the Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment.</em> 25 (1): 49-72.
page(s): 58 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Laubenfels, M.W. de. (1950). The Porifera of the Bermuda archipelago. <em>Transactions of the Zoological Society of London.</em> 27(1): 1-154.
page(s): 22-25; note: Misapplication [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Đorđević, N.; Petović, S. (2020). Diversity and distribution of class Demospongiae (phylum Porifera) in the Boka Kotorska bay. <em>Studia Marina.</em> 33 (2): 5-14., available online at http://www.studiamarina.ac.me/pdf/33/No2/Diversity%20and%20distribution%20of%20Demospongiae%20in%20BKB.pdf
page(s): 10 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Hayward, P.J. & J.S. Ryland (Eds.). (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. <em>Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK.</em> 627 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Van Soest, R.W.M. (2001). Porifera, <b><i>in</i></b>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification</i>. <em>Collection Patrimoines Naturels.</em> 50: 85-103. (look up in IMIS) [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Ackers, R.G.; Moss, D.; Picton, B.E. (1992). Sponges of the British Isles (‘Sponges V'). <em>A Colour Guide and Working Document. Marine Conservation Society.</em> 1-175.
page(s): 147-148 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Alander, H. (1942). Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. <em>Ph.D. Thesis. (University of Lund, H. Struves: Gøteborg).</em> Pp. 1-95, 15 pls.
page(s): 17 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Bergquist, P.R. (1961). The Keratosa (Porifera) collected by the Chatham Islands 1954 Expedition. <em>New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir.</em> 13 (139): 207-219.
note: Misapplication [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Borojevic, R.; Cabioch, L.; Lévi, C. (1968). Inventaire de la faune marine de Roscoff. Spongiaires. <em>Éditions de la Station Biologique de Roscoff.</em> pp. 1-44., available online at http://www.sb-roscoff.fr/images/stories/sbr/observation/documents/spongiaires.pdf
page(s): 28 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Boury-Esnault, N. (1971). Spongiaires de la zone rocheuse de Banyuls-sur-Mer. II. Systématique. <em>Vie et Milieu.</em> 22(2): 287-349.
page(s): 338 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Boury-Esnault, N. (1973). Résultats Scientifiques des Campagnes de la ‘Calypso'. Campagne de la ‘Calypso' au large des côtes atlantiques de l'Amérique du Sud (1961-1962). I. 29. Spongiaires. <em>Annales de l'Institut océanographique.</em> 49 (Supplement 10): 263-295.
page(s): 288; note: Misapplication [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Boury-Esnault, N.; Lopes, M.T. (1985). Les Démosponges littorales de l'Archipel des Açores. <em>Annales de l'Institut océanographique.</em> 61(2): 149-225.
page(s): 204 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Boury-Esnault, N.; Van Beveren, M. (1982). Les Démosponges du plateau continental de Kerguelen-Heard. <em>Comité national français des recherches antarctiques.</em> 52: 1-175.
page(s): 121; note: Misapplication [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Bowerbank, J.S. (1866). A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Volume 2. (Ray Society: London): i-xx, 1-388. , available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1905089
page(s): 382-384 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Bowerbank, J.S. (1874). A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Volume 3. (Ray Society: London): i-xvii, 1-367, pls I-XCII., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1871265
page(s): 175, Pl. LXIX [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Burton, M. (1956). The sponges of West Africa. <em>Atlantide Report (Scientific Results of the Danish Expedition to the Coasts of Tropical West Africa, 1945-1946, Copenhagen).</em> 4: 111-147.
page(s): 137 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Descatoire, A. (1969). Peuplements sessiles de l'Archipel de Glénan de l'infralittoral rocheux. I. - Inventaire: Spongiaires. <em>Vie et Milieu (B, Océanographie).</em> 20 (1B): 177-209.
page(s): 202 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Desqueyroux, R. (1976). Démosponges signalées pour la Région des Canaux du Chili. <em>Cahiers de Biologie Marine.</em> 17 (1): 93-109.
page(s): 106; note: Misapplication [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Fristedt, K. (1885). Bidrag till Kännedomen om de vid Sveriges vestra Kust lefvande Spongiae. <em>Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar.</em> 21: 1-56, pls I-IV.
page(s): 51 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Hanitsch, R. (1889). Second Report on the Porifera of the L.M.B.C.District. <em>Proceedings and Transactions of the Liverpool Biological Society.</em> 3: 155-173, pls V-VII.
page(s): 159 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Hechtel, G.J. (1965). A systematic study of the Demospongiae of Port Royal, Jamaica. <em>Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History.</em> 20: 1-103.
page(s): 14-16; note: Misapplication [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Laubenfels, M.W. de. (1936). A Discussion of the Sponge Fauna of the Dry Tortugas in Particular and the West Indies in General, with Material for a Revision of the Families and Orders of the Porifera. <em>Carnegie Institute of Washington Publication.</em> 467 (Tortugas Laboratory Paper 30) 1-225, pls 1-22.
page(s): 2è-28; pl 6 fig 3; note: Misapplication [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Laubenfels, M.W. de. (1948). The order Keratosa of the phylum Porifera. A monographic study. <em>Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation.</em> 3: 1-217.
page(s): 137-142 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Laubenfels, M.W. de. (1953). Sponges from the Gulf of Mexico. <em>Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean.</em> 2(3): 511-557.
page(s): 515; note: Misapplication [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Lévi, C. (1959). Résultats scientifiques des Campagnes de la ‘Calypso'. Campagne de la ‘Calypso' dans le Golfe de Guinée et aux îles Principe, São Tomé et Annobon. 5. Spongiaires. <em>Annales de l'Institut océanographique.</em> 37 (4): 115-141, pls 5-6.
page(s): 138 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Pulitzer-Finali, G.; Pronzato, R. (1976). Report on a Collection of Sponges from the Bay of Naples. II. Keratosa. <em>Pubblicazioni della Stazione zoologica di Napoli.</em> 40(1): 83-104.
page(s): 88 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Pulitzer-Finali, G.; Pronzato, R. (1981 [1980]). The Keratosa in a collection of Mediterranean sponges mainly from the Italian coasts. <em>Annali del Museo civico di storia naturale Giacomo Doria.</em> 83: 127-158.
page(s): 129 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Sarà, M. (1958). Studio sui Poriferi di una grotta di marea del Golfo di Napoli. <em>Archivo Zoologico Italiano.</em> 43: 203-281, pls I-II.
page(s): 274-275 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Sarà, M. (1960). Poriferi del litorale dell'isola d'lschia e loro ripartizioneper ambienti. <em>Pubblicazioni della Stazione zoologica di Napoli.</em> 31(3):421-472, pls XII-XIII.
page(s): 468 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Sarà, M. (1961). La fauna di Poriferi delle grotte delle isole Tremiti. Studio ecologico e sistematico. <em>Archivio zoologico italiano.</em> 46: 1-59,pls I-II.
page(s): 56 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Tanita, S.; Hoshino, T. (1989). The Demospongiae of Sagami Bay. <em>Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household: Japan.</em> i-xiii, 1-197 [in English], pls 1-19; 1-166 [in Japanese], 1 map.
page(s): 183; note: Misapplication. [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Uriz, M.J. (1987). Sponges from the south-west of Africa: description of species. <i>In</i>: Jones WC (ed) European contributions to the taxonomy of sponges. <em>Publications of the Sherkin Island Marine Station.</em> 1, 54-73.
page(s): 70; note: Misapplication [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source Uriz, M.J. (1988). Deep-water sponges from the continental shelf and slope off Namibia (Southwest Africa): Classses Hexactinellida and Demospongia. <em>Monografías de Zoología Marina.</em> 3: 9-157.
page(s): 102; note: Misapplication [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Vacelet, J. (1959). Répartition générale des éponges et systématique des éponges cornées de la région de Marseille et de quelques stations méditerranéennes. <em>Recueil des Travaux de la Station marine d'Endoume.</em> 16 (26): 39-101, pls 1-3.
page(s): 67; note: with a redescription [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Vacelet, J. (1969). Eponges de la Roche du Large et de l'étage bathyal de Méditerranée (Récoltes de la soucoupe plongeante Cousteau et dragages). Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. <em>Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (A, Zoologie).</em> 59(2): 145-219, pls I-IV.
page(s): 216 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Wiedenmayer, F. (1977). Shallow-water sponges of the western Bahamas. <em>Experientia Supplementum.</em> 28: 1-287, pls 1-43.
page(s): 72-73; note: Misapplication [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Krikech, I.; Le Pennec, G.; Ezziyyani, M. (2022). Preliminary study of the shallow water sponges (Demospongiae) from the north-central Moroccan Mediterranean coast. <em>AACL Bioflux.</em> 15 (1): 305-313.
page(s): Table 2 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Pansini, M.; Musso, B. (1991). Sponges from trawl-exploitable bottoms of the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian Seas: distribution and ecology. <em>P.S.Z.N.I.: Marine Ecology.</em> 12 (4): 317-329.
page(s): 320 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Evcen, A.; Gözcelioğlu, B.; Çinar, M.E. (2023). New sponge records (Porifera) from the Black Sea. <em>Regional Studies in Marine Science.</em> 103043., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2023.103043 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Sivaleela, G. (2014). Marine sponges of Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay. <em>Records of the Zoolgical Survey of India.</em> 114 (Part 4): 607-622.
page(s): 613; note: Misapplication. [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Le Mao, P.; Godet, L.; Fournier, J.; Desroy, D.; Gentil, F.; Thiébaud, E.; Poutinet, L.; Cabioch, L: Retière, C.; Chambers, P. (2020). Atlas de la faune marine invertébrée du golfe Normano-Breton Volume 5 - Autres espèces -. Éditions de la Station biologique de Roscoff, ISBN 82951802971. 308 pp. , available online at http://hal-02490465
page(s): 51 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

basis of record (of Spongelia fragilis (Montagu, 1814)) Lendenfeld, R. von. (1889). A Monograph of the Horny Sponges. (Trübner and Co.: London). iii-iv, 1-936, pls 1-50., available online at https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=chi.20735531;view=1up;seq=1
page(s): 660-662 [details] 

basis of record (of Duseideia fragilis (Montagu, 1814)) Burton, M. (1931 [1932]). The Porifera of the Isle of Man. <em>Lancashire Sea Fisheries Laboratory Reports.</em> 1931: 167-169. [details] 

additional source (of Duseideia fragilis (Montagu, 1814)) Burton, M. (1932). Sponges. <em>Discovery Reports.</em> 6: 237-392, pls 48-57.
page(s): 341; note: Misapplication [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source (of Spongelia pallescens fragilis (Montagu, 1814)) Schulze, F.E. (1879). Untersuchungen über den Bau und dia Entwicklung der Spongien. Sechste Mittheilung. Die Gattung <i>Spongelia</i>. <em>Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Zoologie.</em> 32: 117-157.
page(s): 150 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source (of Spongelia fragilis (Montagu, 1814)) Hanitsch, R. (1890). Third Report on the Porifera of the L.M.B.C.District. <em>Proceedings and Transactions of the Liverpool Biological Society.</em> 4: 192-238, pls X-XV.
page(s): 198 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source (of Spongelia fragilis (Montagu, 1814)) Stephens, J. (1912). A Biological Survey of Clare Island in the County of Mayo, Ireland and the Adjoining District. Marine Porifera. <em>Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy.</em> 31 (Section 3, Part 59): 1-42.
page(s): 39 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source (of Spongelia fragilis (Montagu, 1814)) Topsent, E. (1892). Contribution à l'étude des Spongiaires de l'Atlantique Nord (Golfe de Gascogne, Terre-Neuve, Açores). <em>Résultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco.</em> 2: 1-165, pls I-XI.
page(s): 134 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source (of Spongelia fragilis (Montagu, 1814)) Topsent, E. (1928). Spongiaires de l'Atlantique et de la Méditerranée provenant des croisières du Prince Albert ler de Monaco. [Atlantic and Mediterranean sponges from the cruises of Prince Albert I of Monaco]. <em>Résultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco.</em> 74:1-376, pls I-XI.
page(s): 329-330 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source (of Spongelia fragilis (Montagu, 1814)) Topsent, E. (1932). Remarques sur des Eponges de l'estuaire de la Rance. <em>Bulletin du Laboratoire maritime du Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Saint-Servan.</em> 8: 1-7.
page(s): 2 & 3 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source (of Spongelia fragilis (Montagu, 1814)) Topsent, E.; Olivier, L. (1943). Eponges observées dans les parages de Monaco (fin). <em>Bulletin de l'Institut océanographique, Monaco.</em> 854: 1-12.
page(s): 6 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source (of Spongelia fragilis (Montagu, 1814)) Stephens, J. (1917). Report on the sponges collected off the coasts of Ireland by the dredging expeditions of the Royal Irish Academy and the Royal Dublin Society. <em>Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy.</em> 34 (B): 1-16.
page(s): 14 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source (of Spongelia fragilis (Montagu, 1814)) Burton, M. (1933). Report on a small collection of sponges from Stil Bay, S. Africa. <em>Annals and Magazine of Natural History.</em> 10 (11): 235-244.
page(s): 242; note: Misapplication [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source (of Spongelia fragilis (Montagu, 1814)) Topsent, E. (1925). Éponges de l'Étang de Thau. <em>Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique de Monaco.</em> 452, 1-42.
page(s): 17 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source (of Spongelia fragilis (Montagu, 1814)) Topsent, E. (1891). Spongaires des côtes océaniques de France. <em>Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France.</em> 6: 125-129.
page(s): 127 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source (of Spongelia fragilis (Montagu, 1814)) Vidal, A. (1967). Etude des fonds rocheux circalittoraux le long de la côte du Rousillon. <em>Vie et Milieu.</em> 18, 167-219.
page(s): 188 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source (of Spongia fragilis Montagu, 1814) Van Soest, R.W.M. (2001). Porifera, <b><i>in</i></b>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification</i>. <em>Collection Patrimoines Naturels.</em> 50: 85-103. (look up in IMIS) [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source (of Spongelia fragilis var. irregularis Lendenfeld, 1889) Rezvoi, P. (1928). Contribution to the fauna of Porifera in the Barents Sea. <em>Transactions of the Institute for the scientific exploration of the North.</em> 37: 67-95 (in Russian with English summary).
page(s): 92 [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source (of Spongelia fragilis var. irregularis Lendenfeld, 1889) Topsent, E. (1897). Spongiaires de la Baie d'Amboine. (Voyage de MM. M. Bedot et C. Pictet dans l'Archipel Malais). <em>Revue suisse de Zoologie.</em> 4: 421-487, pls 18-21. [details] OpenAccess publication

additional source (of Spongelia fragilis var. irregularis Lendenfeld, 1889) Breitfuss, L.L. (1912). Zur Kenntniss der Spongio-Fauna des Kola Fjords. II. <em>Travaux de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de St. Petersbourg, Section Zoologie.</em> 42 : 59-80.
page(s): 74 [details] OpenAccess publication

source of synonymy (of Spongelia fistularis Schmidt, 1864) Vacelet, J. (1959). Répartition générale des éponges et systématique des éponges cornées de la région de Marseille et de quelques stations méditerranéennes. <em>Recueil des Travaux de la Station marine d'Endoume.</em> 16 (26): 39-101, pls 1-3. [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

source of synonymy (of Dysidea coriacea Bowerbank, 1874) Arndt, W. (1935). Porifera. <i>In</i>: Die Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostsee. <em>Leipzig.</em> 3a(27): 1-140. [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]
 
 Present  Inaccurate  Introduced: alien  Containing type locality 
   

Nontype MRAC 505A (not valid) [details]
Unknown type (of Spongia fragilis Montagu, 1814) BMNH 30.7.3.447, geounit Celtic Seas [details]
From editor or global species database
Distribution This species has been widely reported, but appears to be restricted to the Atlantic coasts of Europe, with some possible sightings in the Western Mediterranean. [details]
    Definitions

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LanguageName 
English goosebump spongegoose bump spongebrittle horny sponge  [details]
French éponge mie de pain mouilléeéponge friable  [details]
German Feiner Stachelschwamm  [details]
Japanese ツチイロカイメン  [details]
Encyclopedia of Marine Life of Britain and Ireland 
Marine Life Information Network - UK 
To Barcode of Life 
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (13 publications) (from synonym Dysidea coriacea Bowerbank, 1874)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (21 publications) (from synonym Spongia fragilis Montagu, 1814)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (49 publications) (from synonym Spongelia fragilis (Montagu, 1814))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (78 publications) 
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (9 publications) (from synonym Duseideia fragilis (Montagu, 1814))
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Dysidea fragilis) 
To GenBank (5 nucleotides; 0 proteins) (from synonym Spongia fragilis Montagu, 1814)
To GenBank (5 nucleotides; 0 proteins) 
To PESI (from synonym Spongia fragilis Montagu, 1814)
To PESI 
To PESI (from synonym Spongelia fragilis (Montagu, 1814))
To PESI (from synonym Duseideia fragilis (Montagu, 1814))
To PESI (from synonym Spongelia pallescens fragilis (Montagu, 1814))
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Porifera Collection (1 record) (from synonym Spongelia fragilis (Montagu, 1814))
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Porifera Collection (1 record) 
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Porifera Collection (17 records) 
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Porifera Collection (Holotype USNM 21299) (from synonym Spongelia fragilis (Montagu, 1814))
To Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM IZ 005531.PR) 
To ITIS
From editor or global species database
Dysidea fragilis (Montagu, 1818)
Dysidea fragilis (Montagu, 1818)
Unreviewed
Dysidea fragilis, Fig.1
Dysidea fragilis, Fig.1
Dysidea fragilis, Fig.2
Dysidea fragilis, Fig.2
Dysidea fragilis, Fig.2
Dysidea fragilis, Fig.2
To Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM IZ 005531.PR)
To Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM IZ 005531.PR)
Hosted externally