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WoRMS taxon details
Nomenclatureoriginal description
Pruvot, G. (1895). Coup d'œil sur la distribution générale des invertébrés dans la région de Banyuls (Golfe du Lion). <em>Archives de zoologie expérimentale et générale.</em> 3(3): 629-658., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5668186 [details] 
original description
(of Parapholoe Hartmann-Schröder, 1965) Hartmann-Schröder, Gesa. (1965). Zur Kenntnis des Sublitorals der chilenischen Küste unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. II Die Polychaeten des Sublitorals. <em>Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut.</em> 62 Supplement: 59-305.
page(s): 92; note: Hartmann-Schröder uses Parapholoe with a diaeresis on the 'e' [details] Available for editors  [request]
original description
(of Pareupholoe Hartmann-Schröder, 1962) Hartmann-Schröder, G. 1962. Zweiter Beitrag zur Polychaetenfauna von Peru. Kieler Meeresforschungen, 18(1): 109-147.
page(s): 110 [details] Available for editors [request]
original description
(of Peisidice Johnson, 1897) Johnson, Herbert P. 1897. A preliminary account of the marine annelids of the Pacific coast, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Ser. 3, 1(5): 153-199., available online at http://www.archive.org/details/proceedingscali01sciegoog
page(s): 184 [details]
Taxonomystatus source
Norlinder, Erika; Nygren, Arne; Wiklund, Helena; Pleijel, Fredrik. (2012). Phylogeny of scale-worms (Aphroditiformia, Annelida), assessed from 18SrRNA, 28SrRNA, 16SrRNA, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), and morphology. <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.</em> 65(2): 490-500., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.07.002 [details] Available for editors [request]
Identification resourceidentification resource
Padovanni, Nathalia; Amaral, Antonia Cecília Zacagnini. (2014). New species of the scale worm genus Pholoides (Polychaeta: Sigalionidae) from south-east Brazil. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 94(8): 1587–1595., available online at https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315414001003
page(s): [Table of valid taxa] [details]
Otheradditional source
Bellan, G. (2001). Polychaeta, <i>in</i>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. <em>Collection Patrimoines Naturels.</em> 50: 214-231. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source
Neave, Sheffield Airey. (1939-1996). Nomenclator Zoologicus vol. 1-10 Online. <em>[Online Nomenclator Zoologicus at Checklistbank. Ubio link has gone].</em> , available online at https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/126539/about [details]
 Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Diagnosis (fide Miranda & Brasil, 2014) "Prostomium subtriangular, with ceratophore of median antenna on anterior border, without lateral antennae; tentaculophores of segment 1 with a bundle of notosetae and single tentacular cirrus. Parapodia biramous. Middorsum not covered by elytra, with or without scattered adhesive tubercles. Elytra on segments 2, 4, 5, 7, continuing on alternate segments to the end of the body, thick, with concentric rings and numerous long border papillae. Segments up to 48." [details]
Nomenclature There is no indication Pruvot (1895) intentionally established a new genus with his mention of "Pholoides dorsipapilllata Marenz" in a list of species "vivant dans les vieux débris à demi décomposés des Coraux ..." on page 655. Pholoidea would have been the family name for Pholoe at the time, and the spelling Pholoides was earlier used by Claparede (1875, Les annélides chétopodes du Golfe de Naples part 1, page 387) for a tribe within the family "Aphroditiens". Pruvot's usage is as a binominal in a listing of species in a non-taxonomic work. However, Pettibone (1992: 15) dignified this occurrence by stating that "Pruvot (1895:655) referred Marenzeller's species, Pholoe dorsipapillata, to his new genus Pholoides, without any explanation." Indeed. However, the explanation for no explanation is likely that this was unintentional, a lapsus. As there was no diagnosis this name was still regarded as valid by Pettibone and others, presumably via an 'indication' (permitted for pre 1931 names by Code article 12.2), via the apparent use of Marenzeller's name with a different genus name. Also Pettibone stated the genus was masculine (according to the Code rule on -oides endings), but this is highly debatable as Pruvot used the original feminine suffix for dorsipapilllata. Altogether Pholoides has a dubious, perhaps accidental, origin. [details]
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