Description and genome analysis of a novel archaeon isolated from a syntrophic pyrite-forming enrichment culture and reclassification of Methanospirillum hungatei strains GP1 and SK as Methanospirillum purgamenti sp. nov.
Pradel, N.; Bartoli, M.; Koenen, M.; Bale, N.; Neumann-Schaal, M.; Spröer, C.; Bunk, B.; Rohde, M.; Pester, M.; Spring, S. (2024). Description and genome analysis of a novel archaeon isolated from a syntrophic pyrite-forming enrichment culture and reclassification of Methanospirillum hungatei strains GP1 and SK as Methanospirillum purgamenti sp. nov. PLoS One 19(8): e0308405. https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0308405
In: PLoS One. Public Library of Science: San Francisco. ISSN 1932-6203; e-ISSN 1932-6203, more
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| Author keywords |
Genomics; Ribosomal RNA; Formates; Phylogenetic analysis; Phylogenetics; Lipids; Methanogens; Glycerol |
| Authors | | Top |
- Pradel, N.
- Bartoli, M.
- Koenen, M., more
- Bale, N., more
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- Neumann-Schaal, M.
- Spröer, C.
- Bunk, B.
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- Rohde, M.
- Pester, M.
- Spring, S.
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| Abstract |
The archaeal isolate J.3.6.1-F.2.7.3T was obtained from an anaerobic enrichment culture, where it may play an important role in methane production during pyrite formation. The new isolate formed a species-level clade with Methanospirillum hungatei strains GP1 and SK, which is separate from the type strain JF-1T. Cultivation-independent surveys indicate the occurrence of this phylogenetic group in sediments and anaerobic digesters. The abundance of this clade appears to be negatively affected by high nitrogen loads, indicating a sensitivity to certain nitrogen compounds that is not known in M. hungatei JF-1T. The relatively large core genome of this Methanospirillum clade is indicative of niche specialization and efficient control of horizontal gene transfer. Genes for nitrogenase and F420-dependent secondary alcohol dehydrogenase contribute to the metabolic versatility of this lineage. Characteristics of the new isolate such as the ability to utilize 2-propanol as an electron donor or the requirement for acetate as a carbon source are found also in the strains GP1 and SK, but not in the type strain M. hungatei JF-1T. Based on the genomic differences to related species, a new species within the genus Methanospirillum is proposed with the name M. purgamenti sp. nov. The determined phenotypic characteristics support this proposal and indicate a metabolic adaptation to a separate ecological niche. |
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